It is also second in the world for hydro potential, yet only 20% of this potential is developed.
[10], Russia is one of the world's largest producers of energy, most of which it obtains from oil, natural gas and coal.
Russia is moving steadily forward with plans for an expanded role of nuclear energy, including development of new reactor technology. What is more important is the significant decline in capital expenditures in renewables auctions during the past 2 years, by 35% for wind and 31% for solar, according to the Energy Ministry [24]. These key areas are as follows: Decentralization and distributed energy resources; Factors related to Russia’s cold climate, vast distances, overlarge raw material structure, poor economic organization, and significant technological backwardness have resulted in its high-energy-intensity GDP—1.5 times the world average and that of the USA, and twice that of the leading European countries [4]. The dissolution of the Soviet Union prevented those goals from being fulfilled. As one of the most ambitious [2, 3] decarbonization projects at a national scale (reduction in greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of 40% by 2020 and 80–95% by 2050 from 1990 levels), the Energiewende is an example of large-scale climate-driven energy sector transformation. In fact, Germany only gets 34% of its natural gas from Russia, roughly equal to the amount it gets from Norway and from the Netherlands. For example, in the USA, distributed generation has played a role in the electric power sector for several decades [27]. Accessed 22 Apr 2019, Presidential Decree of May 13, 2017 No. Russia, ranking fourth in the world in primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, adheres to the strategy of “business as usual” and relies on fossil fuels. [30] A third auction in 2015 awarded 280 MW of solar. You need at least a Single Account to use this feature. Accelerated deployment, however, could boost Russia’s renewable energy share to more than 11% in the same timeframe, according to this REmap working paper from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). [28] Russia and India are currently discussing the possibility of a joint venture to produce silicon wafers for the creation of photovoltaic cells. Primary energy consumption in Russia from 2009 to 2019* (in exajoules) [Graph]. [7] Some of the most recent dam projects are the Bureya Dam (2010 MW) and the Irganai Dam (800 MW). The Russian Wind Energy Association predicts that if Russia achieves its goal of having 4.5% of its energy come from renewable sources by 2020, the country will have a total wind capacity of 7 GW. Before the 2009 economic crisis, Russia was one of the world leaders in terms of GDP energy intensity reduction, and the gap between Russia and developed countries was narrowing dramatically—a 40% reduction in GDP energy intensity was achieved from 1998 to 2008; however, since 2009, this reduction has slowed and even reversed.