Your email address will not be published. [20][21], "Concord" advocates full implementation of the provisions of the Framework Convention for the protection of minorities and withdrawal of reservations (declarations) made upon ratification of this Convention. Therefore, there was only one recognized nation in Latvia – Latvians. In many cities Russians form ~40% of population, in Daugavpils even the majority. It did not, however, target the Latvian Russian population, nor did it target the influx of Russians who fled to Latvia after 1917 to escape the Soviet Russia. All street plaques in Soviet era had to be also in Russian. The remaining Estonian territory was 97.3% ethnically Estonian in 1945. The attitude of the Russian minority towards these events varied. Tauris, 2020), Kirch, Aksel, Marika Kirch, and Tarmo Tuisk.
[19] and Nils Ušakovs who has been the Mayor of Riga from 2009 to 2019. When the revolution spread to Latvia there was arguably[by whom?] Knowledge of the respective official language and in some cases the Constitution and/or history and an oath of loyalty to established constitutional order was set as a condition for obtaining citizenship through naturalisation.
They worked on the newspapers propagandising the myth of "a national Russia" free of Bolsheviks and Jews, and "the liberating mission" of the Wehrmacht. The influx included the establishment of military bases and associated personnel with the Baltic states now comprising the USSR's de facto western frontier bordering the Baltic Sea. In general, the Russian minority was less politically active than the Jewish and Baltic German minorities.[6]. Some Russians, both as individuals and organized groups[who? Claims of discrimination in basic rights by Russians and other minorities in the region may have less effect now than they did during the years when the Baltic countries' membership applications were still pending with the EU. In recent years, as the Russian political leaders have begun to speak about the "former Soviet space" as their sphere of influence,[17] such claims are a source of annoyance, if not alarm, in the Baltic countries. The Germans, assisted by regiments of the Russian Army, targeted Latvians in an attempt to counter nationalism. The liberal wing of the NDL, and later the Russian Society of Latvia (N.Berejanski, S.Mansyrev), called for a close co-operation with the whole of Latvian society. [4] Russian social organizations began to spring up in the 1860s, around the same time as that of the Latvian National Awakening. Demand for industrial workers drew Russians to settle in larger cities. Learn how and when to remove this template message, http://alkas.lt/2015/12/16/a-butkus-lietuvos-gyventojai-tautybes-poziuriu/, http://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/assets/documents/Iedzivotaju%20re%C4%A3istrs/07022017/ISVN_Latvija_pec_TTB_VPD.pdf, http://pub.stat.ee/px-web.2001/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=PO0222U&ti=POPULATION+BY+SEX%2C+ETHNIC+NATIONALITY+AND+COUNTY%2C+1+JANUARY%2E+ADMINISTRATIVE+DIVISION+AS+AT+01%2E01%2E2018&path=../I_Databas/Population/01Population_indicators_and_composition/04Population_figure_and_composition/&lang=1, "Key provisional results: Population and housing census", "Data on population of Latvia in 1920–1935", http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd.php?reg=127, "Идентичность русской этнической группы и ее выражение в Литве и Латвии.
The citizens of the Baltic states must apply for visas. In the second largest city Daugavpils, where already before World War I Russians were the second biggest ethnic group after Jews,[11] Russians now make up the majority.
Knowledge of Latvian language and history was set as a condition for obtaining citizenship; these initial conditions have been relaxed thereafter. Russians in the Baltics: Full-right members of society or not? In Latvia, as in the rest of the Russian empire, the situation of factory workers was grim. The Soviet Union reoccupied the Baltic states in 1944–1945 as the war drew to a close.