Effects of subclinical depression and aging on generative reasoning about linear orders: Same or different processing limitations?
As the population ages, there will be increased demands to improve Poland’s health care and retirement systems. The article also describes key public policies concerning aging and how these may affect the well-being of Poland’s older adults. Care is provided free of charge and includes various therapeutic workshops and classes ( Sagan et al., 2011 ). P
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Polska starość—próba zarysowania diagnozy i kierunku przemian [Polishaging.
Total population (2016) 38,224,000: Gross national income per capita (PPP international $, 2013) 22,300: Life expectancy at birth m/f (years, 2016) 74/82 .
There have also been improvements in nursing home care, hospitalization, and social insurance. Until 2014, the first two pillars had been mandatory but compulsory participation in the open pension fund has been abolished. System emerytalny po zmianach od 2014 roku [The pension system after the changes of 2014), Teoria i Praktyka [Social Insurance.
It is estimated that more than 80% of LTC is provided by families, a phenomenon due to culturally strong family ties ( Golinowska, 2010 ).
Working-age individuals from these countries will be forced to look for economic opportunities in other areas of the world, such as Poland. Such a significant change in GDP may have substantial effect on investments, unemployment rates, and individuals’ well-being by inducing fears of economic instability.
There are no Polish databases of longitudinal studies on aging.
Wisniewski
In light of the steady increase of the older population and declining fertility rates, concerns about the increasing strain on the health care and retirement systems brought about a national effort to focus on these issues. The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).
Contributions were adjusted to reflect how much the individual had saved under the so-called “old” pension system.
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© The Author 2015.
One of the two main reasons for this population decrease is emigration.
Note: Polish Central Statistical Office projections for the period 2008–2035. Studies conducted in Poland are usually cross-sectional, comparing contemporary cohorts with earlier cohorts ( Ciura & Zgliczyński, 2012 ; Karpiński & Rajkiewicz, 2008 ; Synak, 2002 ), and cross-culturally, comparing Polish elderly with elderly in other countries (e.g.
However, in Poland the main reason for the decision to leave the labor market is simply the eligibility for pension.
(, Synak
Another problem is the deepening deficit in the Social Insurance Fund.
However, older adults’ self-assessments of their health have declined, perhaps reflecting changes to the traditional model of family care.
At the same time, obesity among adults is increasingly prevalent in Poland (15.8%), slightly lower than the OECD average of 17.2%.
Examining Community-Based Housing Models to Support Aging in Place: A Scoping Review, Intersectionality and inequalities in medical risk for severe COVID-19 in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, Medical Care Delivery in US Nursing Homes: Current and Future Practice, Challenges Experienced by Older People During the Initial Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Dementia, Sexuality and the Law: The Case for Advance Decisions on Intimacy, About The Gerontological Society of America, Key Public Policy Issues Related to Aging, Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook, 2014, Derejczyk, Bień, Kokoszka-Paszkot, & Szczygiel, 2008, http://en.nencki.gov.pl/laboratory- of-molecular-bases-of-aging, http://www.zus.pl/files/ dpir/20080930_To_idzie_starosc_ polityka_spoleczna_wobec_procesu_starzenia.pdf, http://polsenior.iimcb.gov.pl/en/publications/ monograph, http://www.diagnoza.
Poles towards the aging]. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only.